https://ac-wiki.cn/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Debian 2026-08-24T07:49:45Z 本wiki上该页面的版本历史 MediaWiki 1.45.3 https://ac-wiki.cn/index.php?title=Debian&diff=3882&oldid=prev 2026-06-26T19:06:09Z

<p>重写 Debian 条目：使用站内信息框模板，改为入门友好叙述并移除元评论（Hermes 代为编辑）</p> <a href="https://ac-wiki.cn/index.php?title=Debian&amp;diff=3882&amp;oldid=3878">显示更改</a>

天明 https://ac-wiki.cn/index.php?title=Debian&diff=3878&oldid=prev 2026-06-26T18:55:23Z

<p>改进 Debian 条目：补充信息框、结构化内容与参考资料（Hermes 代为编辑）</p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hans-CN"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上一版本</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">2026年6月27日 (六) 02:55的版本</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">第1行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第1行：</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Debian]] <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">是一个自由</del>[[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">开源</del>]]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">的</del>[[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">操作系统</del>]]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">，主要由社区贡献者维护，默认使用 </del>[[Linux<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|</del>Linux <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">内核</del>]]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">，也可选用 FreeBSD 内核。它以高度稳定著称，被广泛部署于</del>[[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">服务器</del>]]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">、桌面及嵌入式环境。核心特色包括先进的 APT 包管理系统和严格的软件自由准则。Debian 项目始于 1993 年，由 Ian Murdock 发起，是 </del>[[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Ubuntu</del>]] <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">等多个主流发行版的基石。版本采用《玩具总动员》角色作为代号，定期发布稳定版和滚动测试版。</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; width:22em; font-size:90%;"</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:120%;" | Debian</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 类型</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| [[Linux 发行版]]／自由操作系统</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 发起时间</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| 1993 年 8 月</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 发起人</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| Ian Murdock</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 主要内核</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| Linux</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 包管理</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| dpkg、APT</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 当前稳定版</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| Debian 13（trixie）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 开发分支</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| stable、testing、unstable（sid）</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|-</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">! 官方网站</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| [https://www.debian.org/ debian.org]</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|}</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''Debian'''（常称 '''Debian GNU/Linux'''）是由 Debian 项目维护的自由操作系统和 [</ins>[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Linux 发行版]]。Debian 项目于 1993 年由 Ian Murdock 发起，目标是以开放方式组织一个由社区维护、可自由再发布和修改的操作系统。&lt;ref name="about"&gt;</ins>[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">https://www.debian.org/intro/about Debian -- About </ins>Debian]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name="faq-defs"&gt;[https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/basic-defs.en.html Chapter 1. Definitions and overview</ins>]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 的正式发布以稳定性和保守更新为主要取向：官方将 stable 分支描述为“最新正式发布版本”与“主要推荐使用的生产版本”。&lt;ref name="releases"&gt;</ins>[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">https://www.debian.org/releases/ Debian -- Debian Releases]. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;它同时维护 testing 与 unstable 分支，用于新软件包进入下一稳定版之前的测试和持续开发。Debian 也是多个衍生发行版的上游基础，包括 Ubuntu 等。&lt;ref name="derivatives"&gt;</ins>[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">https://www.debian.org/derivatives/ Debian -- Debian derivatives</ins>]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name="ubuntu-census"&gt;[https://wiki.debian.org/Derivatives/Census/Ubuntu Derivatives/Census/Ubuntu</ins>]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Debian Wiki. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 历史 ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 最早在 1993 年 8 月启动，早期受到 GNU 项目与自由软件运动影响。项目名称来自发起人 Ian Murdock 与 Debra Lynn 的名字组合。&lt;ref name="about" /&gt; Debian 早期即强调社区协作、公开开发和自由软件原则，并逐渐形成了自己的社会契约、开发者组织和发布流程。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 稳定版通常使用《玩具总动员》角色作为代号；截至 2026 年 6 月，当前稳定版为 Debian 13，代号 trixie。&lt;ref name="releases" /&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 项目治理与软件自由 ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 不是单一公司的商业产品，而是由开发者和贡献者组成的项目共同维护。项目的制度基础包括《Debian 社会契约》和《Debian 自由软件指导方针》（DFSG）。DFSG 用于判断软件许可是否符合 Debian 的自由软件标准；因此，与其笼统称 Debian “严格”，更准确的说法是：Debian 通过 DFSG 明确划定进入自由软件仓库的许可边界。&lt;ref name="social-contract"&gt;</ins>[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">https://www.debian.org/social_contract Debian Social Contract]. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 的项目治理由《Debian Constitution》规定，包括项目领导人、开发者投票、技术委员会等机制。&lt;ref name="constitution"&gt;</ins>[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">https://www.debian.org/devel/constitution Debian Constitution</ins>]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 发布分支 ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 同时维护多个分支：&lt;ref name="releases" /&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* '''stable'''：最新正式发布版本，面向生产环境，更新通常限于安全修复和重要可用性修复。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* '''testing'''：下一稳定版的候选分支，包含尚未进入 stable、但已满足一定迁移条件的软件包。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* '''unstable'''：持续开发分支，代号始终为 '''sid'''，主要供开发者和愿意承担变更风险的用户使用。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 稳定版的生命周期通常包括约 3 年常规支持和约 2 年长期支持（LTS），合计约 5 年。LTS 阶段由 Debian LTS 团队维护。&lt;ref name="lts"&gt;[https://wiki.debian.org/LTS LTS</ins>]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Debian Wiki. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 软件包与包管理 ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 使用 dpkg 作为底层软件包工具，并通过 APT 提供依赖解析、仓库管理和升级流程。官方软件仓库按发布分支组织，用户可根据稳定性、新版本需求和风险承受能力选择 stable、testing 或 unstable。&lt;ref name="packages"&gt;</ins>[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">https://www.debian.org/distrib/packages Debian -- Packages]. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">APT 的优势不宜简单写作“先进的包管理系统”；较严谨的表述是：APT 将软件包索引、依赖关系解析、下载、安装与升级操作整合在统一流程中，使 Debian 及其衍生发行版能够通过仓库集中分发和维护软件。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 安全与支持 ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 设有安全公告与安全支持渠道。Debian 官方说明其会处理收到的安全问题，并通过安全公告向用户发布修复信息。&lt;ref name="security"&gt;</ins>[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">https://www.debian.org/security/ Debian -- Security Information]. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;对于生产环境，通常建议使用 stable 分支并及时应用安全更新；testing 和 unstable 虽包含较新的软件，但变更频率与风险也更高。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 移植与衍生发行版 ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 主要以 Linux 内核发布，但 Debian 项目也长期关注不同硬件架构与非 </ins>Linux <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">内核的移植工作。需要注意的是，Debian GNU/kFreeBSD 的开发已于 2023 年 7 月正式终止，且自 Debian 8 起不再包含于官方发布；Debian GNU/Hurd 仍属开发性质，Debian 官方说明其目前正式可用的平台仍以 </ins>Linux <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">为主。&lt;ref name="ports"&gt;[https://www.debian.org/ports/ Debian -- Ports</ins>]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name="kfreebsd"&gt;[https://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/ Debian -- Debian GNU/kFreeBSD</ins>]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name="hurd"&gt;[https://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/ Debian -- Debian GNU/Hurd]. Debian Project. 检索于 2026-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Debian 的衍生发行版会在 Debian 的工作基础上形成自己的目标、用户群和发布策略。Ubuntu 是其中较知名的衍生发行版之一。&lt;ref name="derivatives" /&gt;&lt;ref name="ubuntu-census" /&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== 参考资料 ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">&lt;references /&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Category:Linux发行版</ins>]]</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:操作系统]]</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Category:自由软件</ins>]]</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key acwiki_mysql:diff:1.41:old-3873:rev-3878:php=table --> </table>

天明 https://ac-wiki.cn/index.php?title=Debian&diff=3873&oldid=prev 2026-06-26T18:26:50Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hans-CN"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上一版本</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">2026年6月27日 (六) 02:26的版本</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">第1行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第1行：</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Debian <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">是一个自由开源的操作系统，主要由社区贡献者维护，默认使用 </del>Linux <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">内核，也可选用 </del>FreeBSD <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">内核。它以高度稳定著称，被广泛部署于服务器、桌面及嵌入式环境。核心特色包括先进的 </del>APT 包管理系统和严格的软件自由准则。Debian 项目始于 1993 年，由 Ian Murdock 发起，是 Ubuntu 等多个主流发行版的基石。版本采用《玩具总动员》角色作为代号，定期发布稳定版和滚动测试版。</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Debian<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] 是一个自由[[开源]]的[[操作系统]]，主要由社区贡献者维护，默认使用 [[</ins>Linux<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|Linux 内核]]，也可选用 </ins>FreeBSD <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">内核。它以高度稳定著称，被广泛部署于[[服务器]]、桌面及嵌入式环境。核心特色包括先进的 </ins>APT 包管理系统和严格的软件自由准则。Debian 项目始于 1993 年，由 Ian Murdock 发起，是 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Ubuntu<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>等多个主流发行版的基石。版本采用《玩具总动员》角色作为代号，定期发布稳定版和滚动测试版。</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key acwiki_mysql:diff:1.41:old-2138:rev-3873:php=table --> </table>

天明 https://ac-wiki.cn/index.php?title=Debian&diff=2138&oldid=prev 2026-06-08T15:00:44Z

<p>创建页面，内容为“Debian 是一个自由开源的操作系统，主要由社区贡献者维护，默认使用 Linux 内核，也可选用 FreeBSD 内核。它以高度稳定著称，被广泛部署于服务器、桌面及嵌入式环境。核心特色包括先进的 APT 包管理系统和严格的软件自由准则。Debian 项目始于 1993 年，由 Ian Murdock 发起，是 Ubuntu 等多个主流发行版的基石。版本采用《玩具总动员》角色作为代号，定期…”</p> <p><b>新页面</b></p><div>Debian 是一个自由开源的操作系统，主要由社区贡献者维护，默认使用 Linux 内核，也可选用 FreeBSD 内核。它以高度稳定著称，被广泛部署于服务器、桌面及嵌入式环境。核心特色包括先进的 APT 包管理系统和严格的软件自由准则。Debian 项目始于 1993 年，由 Ian Murdock 发起，是 Ubuntu 等多个主流发行版的基石。版本采用《玩具总动员》角色作为代号，定期发布稳定版和滚动测试版。</div>

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